1/14/2024 0 Comments Bone fragments classic![]() Therefore, bones are an important source of information. However, skeletal elements are in most cases relatively well preserved after a fire and are rarely completely fragmented thus making it rare to encounter merely ashes 10, 11, 12. If the fire lasts long enough the most superficial skeletal elements will be uncovered and, as the burning process continues, deeper lying skeletal elements will be exposed until the anatomical regions that are farthest away from the heat source are no longer shielded 7, 9. Dehydrated skin, muscle, and underlying adipose tissue are combustible, and will start to pyrolyze and carbonize when exposed to sufficient heat. Excessive heat dehydrates soft tissues resulting in splitting of the skin and contraction of muscles. The degree of destruction of the body depends on the temperature and duration of the fire. Such fires are fatal and destructive to the human body 7, 8. During a house or car fire, temperatures in the range from 700 ☌ to 900 ☌ and higher, can be reached 3, 4, 5, 6. Due to convection, differences in density, and entrainment, hot gases will accumulate above the seat of the fire 1, 2. As a result, a thermal gradient forms with higher temperatures near the site of combustion. During fire, both flaming and smouldering combustion give rise to excessive heat release by radiance and convection. The proposed decision model provides an objective, robust and non-destructive method for estimating the exposure temperature of heated bone samples.įire is one of the most destructive natural forces. This model enables the user to differentiate between seven different temperature clusters with relatively high precision and accuracy. Cluster analysis showed that discriminating thresholds for Lightness and B-coordinate could be defined and used to construct a model of decision rules. Red, Green, Blue values and Lightness, A-, and B-coordinates were collected for statistical analysis. The samples were scanned with a calibrated flatbed scanner and photographed with a Digital Single Lens Reflex camera. In total 1138 samples of fresh human long bone diaphysis and epiphysis, varying in size, were subjected to heat ranging from room temperature to 900 ☌ for various durations and in different media. To determine the exposure temperature of experimental bone samples, heat related changes in colour were systemically studied by means of image analysis. Exposure of bone to heat results in observable and measurable changes, including a change in colour. Estimating this temperature can provide crucial information in a legal investigation. At this moment, no method is available to objectively estimate the temperature to which skeletal remains have been exposed during a fire. ![]()
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